Contribution to the study of the cactus non-wood forest products in the vegetable formations of the Hatibonico Ecological Reserve
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Abstract
The study of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) derived from cacti is crucial for the conservation and sustainable use of these resources, especially in the local communities that depend on them. This study aimed to evaluate the NTFPs of cacti in the vegetation formations of the Hatibonico Ecological Reserve (Guantánamo, Cuba), by identifying harvested species and proposing actions for their proper management. Through ethnobotanical inventories, semi-structured interviews, and direct observation, 12 cactus species (44% of the native species in Cuba) were recorded, nine of which were used by the local community for medicinal, ornamental, food, and socio-religious purposes. It was highlighted that 67% of the species are threatened, including endemic ones such as Dendrocereus nudiflorus. The main anthropogenic disturbances were indiscriminate harvesting and habitat loss. Actions such as the propagation of vulnerable species, environmental education, and the elimination of invasive species were proposed to ensure their conservation. It was concluded that, although cactus NTFPs are valuable to the community, their unregulated harvesting threatens their survival, requiring urgent sustainable management measures.
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