Design of agroforestry systems for the Santa Rita micro-basin, Palma Soriano municipality
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Abstract
The implementation of agroforestry systems (AFS) is key to environmental and socioeconomic sustainability in rural areas. This study aimed to design AFS adapted to the Santa Rita microbasin (Palma Soriano, Cuba), where deforestation and inappropriate agricultural practices have led to erosion, biodiversity loss, and low productivity. Through participatory rural assessment and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), 304.72 ha were characterized, identifying 25 plots with land-use conflicts (14 overexploited and 11 underutilized). The results showed that 58% of the area has slopes >12%, exacerbating soil degradation. Seven criteria for AFS were proposed, including hydroregulatory strips (15.03 ha), protection forests (4.57 ha), and integrated systems of coffee, fruit trees, and various crops (6.76 ha and 14.12 ha, respectively). These measures reduced erosion, improved productivity, and diversified income, especially on steep slopes. The active participation of women (47% of the workforce) in productive activities was notable. The conclusions highlight that the SAFs, combined with the inclusion of local stakeholders and conservation techniques, optimize land use and ensure agroecological sustainability in the micro-watershed.
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References
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