Bacteriology quality influence in the air on the wood conservation of the Havana Great Theatre Alicia Alonso
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Abstract
The conservation of cultural heritage in historic buildings is essential to preserve their artistic and architectural value. This study evaluated the influence of microbiological air quality on the deterioration of the wood in the Alicia Alonso Grand Theater of Havana. Ninety-five samples were taken in six rooms using passive sedimentation and direct swabbing, using Malt Extract Agar plates for the cultivation of microorganisms. Temperature, relative humidity, and colony-forming units (CFU/m³) were measured, and fungi and bacteria were identified using standard microbiological techniques. The results showed high levels of contamination in the García Lorca, Carpentier, and Centro Gallego rooms (up to 3,879 CFU/m³), associated with humidity (>65%) and temperature (25–28°C) conditions favorable for microbial growth. The genera Aspergillus, Cladosporium, and Penicillium were the most common, with cellulolytic and acidogenic properties, which accelerate the biodeterioration of the wood. It was concluded that microbiological air quality, along with environmental factors, represents a significant risk to the conservation of wood-based materials, requiring control measures to mitigate their impact.
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