Agroforestry techniques to relief food insufficiency in Haiti
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Abstract
The territory of Haiti was once fully covered of forests, now cleared for subsistence agriculture or pastoralism and the remaining trees are treated for fuel. Soil erosion is very strong. Agriculture is the main activity, nonetheless people give 64% of their incomes to buy foods and 48% of the population has food insecurity. Differently from the other Latin American or Caribbean Countries that were able to keep their traditional land management, the disruptive colonization has caused the lost of most of the knowledge of the natives. Research has been done in the Carrefour, to identify the main reasons of the difficult conditions, and the possible solutions, within a development project funded by EU (B 7-201 Sécurité alimentaire). The reasons found are related to the physical environment (climate, bare soil eroded), to the rural management (deforestation, lack of plants for reforestation, irrational livestock rearing, poor knowledges of farmers) and to the social organization (difficult access to capitals, lack of organization and legal recognizement of farmer’s associations). The solutions proposed are related to crop diversification, small livestock, agroforestry and agro-silvo-pastoral systems, reforestation, social organization.
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References
FAO/PAM. (2004). Rapport spécial mission FAO/PAM d’évaluation des récoltes et des disponibilités alimentaires en Haïti.
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