Assisted restoration in forest ecosystems in the Republic of Cuba
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Abstract
Assisted restoration of forest ecosystems is crucial for recovering biodiversity, mitigating climate change, and improving ecosystem services. This study evaluated the effectiveness of Analog Forestry as a restoration technique on five Cuban farms (Itabo, Díaz Cuevas, La Aplastada Arriba, Sabanilla, and Paraguay) affected by degradation, invasive species, and extreme weather events. A three-stage design was implemented: ecological assessment, species selection (timber, fruit, and medicinal), and active restoration. The results showed an increase in biological diversity, with species such as Swietenia mahagoni and Cedrela odorata adapting efficiently, although mortality was recorded in Swietenia macrophylla and Delonix regia in Paraguay. Soil stabilization was achieved through species such as Cyperus alternifolius (short-term) and Pandanus utilis (medium-term), while the inclusion of economic plants benefited local communities. It was concluded that Analog Forestry is effective in reducing fragmentation, enriching forest structure, and strengthening resilience, although it requires adjustments based on soil and climatic conditions.
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